Green sulfur bacteria

The green sulfur bacteria (Chlorobiaceae) are a familyof phototrophicbacteria. No other bacterial families are known to be closely related to them, and they are accordingly placed in their own phylum(Chlorobi). The phylum is most closely related to Bacteroidetes.

Green sulfur bacteria are generally nonmotile (one species has a flagellum), and come in spheres, rods, and spirals. Their environment must be oxygen-free, and they need light to grow. They engage in photosynthesis, using bacteriochlorophyllsc, d, and e in vesicles called chlorosomesattached to the membrane. They use sulfideions as electron donor, and in the process the sulfide gets oxidized, producing globules of elemental sulfuroutside the cell, which may then be further oxidized. (By contrast, the photosynthesis in plants uses water as electron donor and produces oxygen.)

A species of green sulfur bacteria has been found living near a black smokeroff the coast of Mexicoat a depth of 2,500 meters beneath the surface of the Pacific Ocean. At this depth, the bacteria, designated GSB1, lives off the dim glow of the thermal vent since no sunlight can penetrate to that depth.

References

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External link

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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
It uses material from the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green+sulfur+bacteria Wikipedia article Green sulfur bacteria.