[ICD 10 Search]

Back
[ICD 10 Search]

Hyperparathyroidism

**{{{Name|Hyperparathyroidism}}}**
[[Image:{{{Image}}}\|190px\|center\|]] {{{Caption\|}}}
ICD-10	{{ICD10
ICD-O:	{{{ICDO}}}
ICD-9	{{{ICD9}}}
OMIM	}}}
MedlinePlus	}}}
eMedicine	}}}
DiseasesDB	}}}

 ICD9        = 252.0|

}} In medicine(endocrinology), hyperparathyroidism is overactivity of the parathyroid glandsand excess production of parathyroid hormone(PTH). Consequences are weakness of bonetissue (predisposing for fracture) and hypercalcemia(high calciumlevels).

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1 Etiology
2 Signs and symptoms
3 Diagnosis
4 Treatment
5 External links

Etiology

Primary hyperparathyroidismis usually the result of a benign parathyroid tumor (adenoma) that loses its sensitivity to circulating calcium levels. Usually, only one of the four parathyroid glands is affected.

In chronic renal failuresecondary hyperparathyroidismcan result. Its result on bone metabolism is renal osteodystrophy.

Signs and symptoms

The rhyme "moans, groans, stones, and bones, with psychic overtones" has been used to describe the classic symptoms of hyperparathyroidism: abdominal pain, lethargyor dysphoria, kidney stones, osteoporosis(and resultant fractures), and depression.

Other symptoms include: headaches, sleep disorders, memory problems, gastroesophageal reflux, decreased sex drive, thinning hair, hypertension, and heart palpitations.

In short-lived hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcemiamight be the only sign, sometimes producing such symptoms as nausea, vomiting, lethargy, depression, muscular weakness and an altered mental state.

Diagnosis

Diagnostic workup for hypercalcemia often includes testing the PTHlevels. Ultrasoundof the neck area may reveal enlarged glands. Occasionally, scintigraphywith MIBI is necessary to identify adenomas or hyperplastic parathyroids.

Treatment

The only definitive treatment is surgery. Surgical techniques for hyperparathyroidism now are much less invasive and much more effective than in the past. The procedure is called parathyroidectomy. Usually, the surgery will only involve one of the glands, and so a successful surgery will allow the parathyroids to go back to correctly regulating blood calcium levels.

If hypercalcemia is severe, bisphosphonatesmay be required to maintain bone. Hyperparathyroidism can be treated medically with cinacalcet(a calcium receptor blocker), which is very expensive.

External links

eMedicine
Mayo Clinicde:Hyperparathyreoidismus

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
It uses material from the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperparathyroidism Wikipedia article Hyperparathyroidism.

All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License