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Chronic pancreatitis

**{{{Name|Chronic pancreatitis}}}**
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-K861|

 ICD9        = 577.1|

}} Chronic pancreatitis can present as episodes of acute inflammationin a previously injured pancreas, or as chronic damage with persistent pain or malabsorption.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1 Symptoms
2 Causes
3 Diagnosis
4 Treatment

Symptoms

Patients with chronic pancreatitis can present with persistent abdominal painor steatorrhea(diarrhearesulting from malabsorption of the fats in food, typically very bad-smelling and equally hard on the patient), as well as severe nausea. Some patients with chronic pancreatitis often look very sick, while others don't appear to be unhealthy at all.

Considerable weight loss, due to malabsorption, is evident in a high percentage of patients, and can continue to be a health problem as the condition progresses. The patient may also complain about pain related to their food intake, especially those meals containing a high percentage of fats and protein.

Causes

The causes of relapsing chronic pancreatitis are similar to those of acute pancreatitis, though gallstone-associated pancreatitis is predominantly acute or relapsing-acute in nature, and more cases of chronic pancreatitis are of undetermined or idiopathicorigin.

Among American adults, chronic pancreatitis most often occurs from the cumulative pancreatic destruction caused by repeated alcohol-induced episodes of acute pancreatitis. Cystic fibrosisis the most common cause of chronic pancreatitis in children. In up to one quarter of cases, no cause can be found. In other parts of the world, severe protein-energy malnutritionis a common cause.

Diagnosis

Serum amylaseand lipasemay well not be elevated in cases of advanced chronic pancreatitis, but are often used as markers for detecting pancreatic inflamation in undiagnosed patients. Common tests used to determine chronic pancreatitis are serum amylase and serum lipase blood tests, triglycerideblood tests, X-rays, Ultrasounds, CT-scans, MRI'sand MRCP's. A more invasive test called an ERCP, (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography), is considered the gold standard procedure for diagnosing chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatic calcificationcan often be seen on X-rays, as well as CT-scans.

Treatment

The abdominal pain can be very severe and require high doses of analgesics. Disability and mood problems are common, although early diagnosis and support can make these problems manageable.

Treatment is directed, when possible, to the underlying cause, and to relief of the pain and malabsorption. Replacement pancreatic enzymeshave proven somewhat effective in treating the malabsorption and steatorrhea.

Health science- Medicine- Gastroenterology

Diseases of the esophagus- stomach

Halitosis- Nausea- Vomiting- GERD- Achalasia- Esophageal cancer- Esophageal varices- Peptic ulcer- Abdominal pain- Stomach cancer- Functional dyspepsia

Diseases of the liver- pancreas- gallbladder- biliary tree

Hepatitis- Cirrhosis- NASH- PBC- PSC- Budd-Chiari syndrome- Hepatocellular carcinoma- Acute pancreatitis- Chronic pancreatitis - Pancreatic cancer- Gallstones- Cholecystitis

Diseases of the small intestine

Peptic ulcer- Intussusception- Malabsorption(e.g. celiac disease, lactose intolerance, fructose malabsorption, Whipple's disease) - Lymphoma

Diseases of the colon

Diarrhea- Appendicitis- Diverticulitis- Diverticulosis- IBD(Crohn's diseaseand Ulcerative colitis) - Irritable bowel syndrome- Constipation- Colorectal cancer- Hirschsprung's disease- Pseudomembranous colitis

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/Chronic_pancreatitis"

Categories: Gastroenterology

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
It uses material from the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic+pancreatitis Wikipedia article Chronic pancreatitis.

All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License