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Buddhist meditation
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- 1 See also
- 2 Further reading
- 3 References
- 4 External links
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Buddhist meditation, meditationused in the practice of Buddhism, "includes any method of meditation that has Enlightenmentas its ultimate aim"1. The closest word for meditation in the classical languages of Buddhism is bhavana or "mental development"2.
The main methods of Buddhist meditation are divided into samatha(tranquility meditations) and vipassana(insight meditations).
The samatha meditations includes anapana(mindfulness of breathing, or mindfulness of the in-breath and out-breath) and the four brahma-viras (lit. "sublime abodes") of which mettā bhāvanā(development of loving kindness) is the most often practiced one. The vipassana meditations includes contemplation on impermanence, the six element practice, and contemplation on conditionality. Samatha meditations usually precede and prepare for vipassana meditations.
Each of the five basic methods (in bold) is an "antidote" to one of the five mental "poisons".
| Meditation type
| Method
| Counteracts
| Develops
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Samatha
(tranquility meditations)
| anapana(mindfulnes of breathing)
| distraction
| concentration
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| mettabhavana
| hatredand sentimental attachment
| loving kindness
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| karunabhavana
| cruelty, sentimental pityand horrified anxiety
| compassion
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| muditabhavana
| resentment, envyand vicarious enjoyment
| sympathetic joy
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| upekkhabhavana
| fixed indifferenceand apatheticneutrality
| equanimity
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Vipassana
(insight meditations)
| contemplation on impermanence
| craving
| inner peace, freedom
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| six element practice
| conceit
| clarity regarding nature of self
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| contemplation on conditionality
| ignorance
| wisdom, compassion
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See also
- Sati
- Satipatthana
- Shikantaza
- Zazen
- Padmaloka, retreat centre in Surlingham, Norwich, UK
Further reading
- Matthew Flickstein and Bhante Henepola Gunaratana. (1998) Journey to the Center: A Meditation Workbook. Wisdom Publications. ISBN 0861711416.
References
- Note 1: Kamalashila (1996), Meditation: The Buddhist Art of Tranquility and Insight, Birmingham: Windhorse Publications, ISBN 1899579052.
- Note 2: Epstein, Mark (1995), Thoughts Without a Thinker: Psychotherapy from a Buddhist Perspective, BasicBooks, ISBN 0465039316.
External links
- Buddhist Meditation in the Theravada tradition
- Buddhist Meditation
- Guided Meditations on the Lamrim — The Gradual Path to Enlightenmentby Bhikshuni Thubten Chodron (PDF file).
- The Samatha Trust
- Buddhist Meditation Retreats in the UK
- VajralokaMen's Meditation Centre in Corwen, North Wales, UK
pt:Meditação budista
fr:méditation bouddhique
Categories: Buddhism stubs| Buddhist meditation
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
It uses material from the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist+meditation Wikipedia article Buddhist meditation.
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