Creatinine clearance

Creatinine clearance is a method that estimates the glomerular filtration rate(GFR) of the kidneys.

Creatinine clearance is the amount of creatininein the urine, divided by the concentration in the blood, over a certain amount of time.

<math>\mbox{GFR} = \frac { \mbox{concentration in urine} \times \mbox{volume of urine per unit time}} {\mbox{plasma concentration}}</math>

More often, the creatinine clearance is estimated using the Cockcroft-Gault formula:

<math>\mbox{Creatinine Clearance} = \frac { \mbox{(140 - Age)} \times \mbox{mass in kilograms}} {\mbox{72} \times \mbox{plasma creatinine}}</math>

The number produced by the above formula should be multiplied by .85 if female. Plasma creatinine is expected to be in mg/dL.

Glomerular filtration rate can be calculated by measuring any chemical that has a steady level in the blood, and is filtered but neither actively absorbed or excreted by the kidneys.

Creatinine is used because it fulfills these requirements (though not perfectly), and it is produced naturally by the body. Other methods involve constant infusions of inulinor another compound, to maintain a steady state in the blood.

The result of this test is an important gauge used in assessing excretory function of the kidneys. For example grading of chronic renalinsufficiency and dosage of drugs that are primarily excreted via urine are based on GFR (creatinine clearance).

It is commonly believed to be the amount of liquid filtered out of the blood that gets processed by the kidneys. Physiologically, these quantities (volumetric blood flow and mass removal) are only related loosely. Clearanceis a ratio of the mass generation and concentration at steady-state.

See also

• human physiology
• renal clearance
• Kt/V

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
It uses material from the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creatinine+clearance Wikipedia article Creatinine clearance.