CHOP

Also see the disambiguation page chopfor other uses.

CHOP is the acronym for a chemotherapyregimen used in the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Uses and indications

It consists of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin(under its alternative name hydroxydoxorubicin), vincristine(under its brand name Oncovin^®), and prednisone. This regimen can also be combined with the monoclonal antibodyrituximabif the lymphoma is of B cellorigin. Typically, courses are administered at an interval of three weeks. A stagingCT scanis generally performed after three cycles to assess whether the disease is responding to treatment.

In patients with a history of cardiovascular disease, the doxorubicin (which is cardiotoxic) is often deemed to be too great a risk and is omitted from the regimen. The combination is then referred to as COP or CVP.

Side-effects and complications

The combination is generally well tolerated. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomitingmay require antiemetics(such as ondansetron), and hemorrhagic cystitisis prevented with administration of mesna. Alopecia (hair loss) is common.

Neutropeniagenerally develops in the second week. During this period, many clinicians recommend prophylactic use of ciprofloxacin^{[{{fullurl:Template:FULLPAGENAME}}#endnote_Cullen]}. If a feverdevelops in the neutropenic period, urgent medical assessment is required for neutropenic sepsis, as infections in patients with low neutrophil counts may progress rapidly.

Allopurinolis typically co-administered prophylactically to prevent tumor lysis syndrome, the result of rapid death of tumor cells.

History

A pivotal study published in 1993 compared CHOP to several other chemotherapy regimens (e.g. m-BACOD, ProMACE-CytaBOM, MACOP-B).^{[{{fullurl:Template:FULLPAGENAME}}#endnote_SWOG]} CHOP emerged as the regimen with the least toxicity but similar efficiacy.

See also

• Chemotherapy regimens

References

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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
It uses material from the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CHOP Wikipedia article CHOP.