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Erythroblastosis fetalis

{{{Name|Erythroblastosis fetalis}}}
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 ICD9        = 773.2|

}} Erythroblastosis fetalis (or foetalis), also known as hemolytic diseaseof the newborn, is a condition that develops in a fetuswhen antibodiesproduced by the mother attack the fetus's red blood cells.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

  • 1 Symptoms
  • 2 Cause
  • 3 Diagnosis
  • 4 Treatment
  • 5 Complications
  • 6 Similar Conditions
  • 7 External links

Symptoms

Symptomsinclude yellowish skinand eye discoloration within 24 hours after birth, a severe form of Hydrops Fetalis (pallor, an enlarged liverand/or spleen, generalized swelling, respiratory distress, petechiae, purpura, death in uterusor shortly after birth). The baby can die in some cases.

Cause

Erythroblastosis fetalis is caused by the passage of maternal antibodies via the placentawhen there is a difference in blood typebetween the pregnant mother and the fetus. Problems include Rh Incompatibility, ABO incompatibility or other blood group incompatibilities such as c, E, Kell(K).

Diagnosis

The diagnosisis based on history and lab findings:

  1. Peripheral blood morphology shows increased reticulocyte, nucleated red blood cells
  2. Positive Coombs test

Treatment

Before birth, options for treatment include intrauterine transfusionor early induction of labor when pulmonary maturity attained, fetal distress is present, or 35- 37 weeks of gestationhave passed.

After birth, treatment depends on the severity of the condition, but could include temperature stabilization and monitoring, phototherapy, transfusion with compatible packed red blood, exchange transfusion, sodium bicarbonatefor correction of acidosisand/or assisted ventilation.

Complications

Complications could include kernicterus, hepatosplenomegaly, inspissated (thickened or dried) bile syndrome and/or greenish staining of the teeth.

Similar Conditions

Similar conditions include acquired hemolytic anemia, congenital toxoplasmaand syphilisinfection, congenital obstruction of bile duct and cytomegalovirusinfection.

External links

  • MedlinePlus Encylopedia001298
  • DDB5545



This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
It uses material from the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythroblastosis+fetalis Wikipedia article Erythroblastosis fetalis.

 
  All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License